CARDIAC MEDICATIONS @ A GLANCE

NAME
ACTION
REASON
ANTICOAGULANTS
(Also known as blood thinners)
Commonly prescribed include:
Dalteparin (Fragmin)
Danaparoid (Orgaran)
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Heparin (various)
Tinzaparin (Innohep)
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Decreases the clotting
ability of the blood.
They do not actually
thin the blood.
They do not dissolve
existing blood clots.
Used to treat certain
blood vessel, heart &
lung conditions.
Helps to prevent harmful
clots from forming
in the blood vessels.
May prevent the clots from
becoming larger & causing
more serious problems.
Often prescribed to prevent
first or recurrent stroke.
ANTIPLATELET AGENTS
Commonly prescribed include:
Aspirin
Ticlopidine
Clopidogrel
Dipyridamole
Keeps blood clots from forming
by preventing blood platelets
from sticking together.
Helps prevent clotting in patients
who have had a heart attack,
unstable angina, ischemic strokes.
TIA (transient ischemic attacks
or little strokes) & other
forms of cardiovascular disease.
Usually prescribed preventively,
when plaque buildup is evident
but there is not yet a large
obstruction
in the artery.
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING
ENZYME (ACE)INHIBITORS

Commonly prescribed include:
Benazepril (Lotensin)
Captopril (Capoten)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Fosinopril (Monopril)
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Moexipril (Univasc)
Perindopril (Aceon)
Quinapril (Accupril)
Ramipril (Altace)
Trandolapril (Mavik)
Expands blood vessels & decreases
resistance by lowering levels of
angiotensin II.
Allows blood to flow more easily &
makes the heart's work easier
or more efficient.
Used to treat or improve
symptoms of cardiovascular conditions
including high blood pressure
& heart failure.
ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR
BLOCKERS (or inhibitors)

(Also known as ARBs,
Angiotensin-2 Receptor
Antagonists & AT-2)
Commonly prescribed include:
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Teveten)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Losartan (Cozaar)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Valsartan (Diovan)
Rather than lowering
levels of angiotensin II
(as ACE inhibitors do)
angiotensin II receptor
blockers prevent this chemical
from having any effects on
the heart & blood vessels.
This keeps blood pressure
from rising.
Used to treat or improve
symptons of cardiovascular
conditions including high blood
pressure & heart failure.
BETA BLOCKERS
(Also known as Beta-Adrenergic
Blocking Agents)
Commonly prescribed include:
Acebutolol (Sectral)
Atenolol(Tenormin)
Betaxolol (Kerlone)
Bisoprolol/
hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Carteolol (Cartrol)
Metoprolol (Lopressor,
Toprol XL)
Nadolol (Corgard)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Sotalol (Betapace)
Timolol (Blocadren)
Decreases the heart rate &
Cardiac output, which lowers
blood pressure & makes the
heart beat more slowly
& with less force.
Used to lower blood pressure.
Used with therapy for cardiac
arrhythmias (abnormal heart
rhythms) & in treating chest pain
(angina).
Used to prevent future heart
attacks in patients who have
had a heart attack.
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
(Also known as Calcium Antagonists
or Calcium Blockers)
Commonly prescribed include:
Amlodipine (Norvasc,Lotrel)
Bepridil (Vascor)
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac)
Felodipine (Plendil)
Nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia)
Nimodipine (Nimotop)
Nisoldipine (Sutar)
Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan)
Interrupts the movement of
calcium into the cells of the heart
& blood vessels.
May decrease the heart's pumping strength
& relax blood vessels.
Used to treat high blood
pressure, chest pain (angina)
caused by reduced blood supply
to the heart muscle & some
arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms).
DIURETICS
(Also known as water pills)
Commonly prescribed include:
Amiloride (Midamor)
Bumetanide (Bumex)
Chlorothiazine (Diuril)
Chlorthalidone (Hygroton)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix,
Hydrodiuril)
Indapamide (Lozol)
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Causes the body to rid itself of
excess fluids & sodium
thru urination.
Helps to relieve the heart's workload.
Helps to relieve the buildup of
fluid in the lungs & other parts
of the body, such as ankles & legs.
Different diuretics remove fluid
at varied rates & thru different methods.
Used to help lower blood pressure.
Used to help reduce
swelling (edema)from excess buildup
of fluid in the body.
VASODILATORS
(Also known as Nitrates.
Nitroglycerin tablets are a form of
vasodilator.
Commonly prescribed include:
Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil)
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
Hydralazine (Apresoline)
Nitrates
Minoxidil
Relaxes blood vessels & increases the
supply of blood
& oxygen to the heart while
reducing its workload.
Prescribed to patients who
cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors
(another type of medicine that
relaxes the blood vessels).
Can come in pills to be swallowed,
chewable tablets & as a topical
application (cream).
Used to ease chest pain (angina).
DIGITALIS PREPARATIONS
(Also known as Digoxin
& Digitoxin)
Commonly prescribed include:
Lanoxin
Increases the force of the heart's
contractions, which can be
beneficial in heart failure &
for irregular heart beats.
Used to relieve heart failure
symtoms, especially when the
patient isn't responding to ACE
inhibitors & diuretics.
Also slows certain types of
irregular heartbeat (arrhythmias),
especially atrial fibrillation.
STATINS
Common types of cholesterol-
lowering drugs include statins,
resins & nicotinic acid (niacin),
gemfibrozil & clofibrate.
Various medications can lower
blood cholesterol levels.
They may be prescribed individually or
in combination with other drugs. They
work in the body in different ways.
Some affect the liver,
some work in the intestines &
some interrupt the formation of
cholesterol from circulating
in the blood.
Used to lower LDL(lousy)
cholesterol, raise HDL (healthy)
cholesterol & lower triglyceride levels.

MAIN PAGE